capstone thesis title

Capstone & Thesis Research

• Before you begin your research project:

Steps in doing a capstone paper or project:

• Thesis and Dissertation Guidelines

Find Theses and Dissertations

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The research cycle.

• Thinking about your project
• Selecting & focusing your research topic
• Start searching
• Literature review This link opens in a new window
• Doing primary research
• Presentation skills This link opens in a new window
• Specific graduate programs
• Writing & citing
• Mendeley Citation Manager This link opens in a new window

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Before you begin your research project

Make sure you understand what is required. Read your assignment carefully and talk with your instructor if you need clarification. Think about how much time and other resources you have and need to complete all parts of the research assignment within the course timetable.

Step 1: Select a topic area. See the " Selecting and focusing your research topic " tab at left for suggestions on choosing a topic, narrowing your focus, and developing a thesis statement or research question.

Step 2: Do a literature review. The " Literature Review " tab will link you to helpful resources for planning a search and organizing your results. The "Start Searching" tab gives some examples for using article databases effectively.

Step 3: Doing primary research (for those students required to do so). Check the " Doing primary research " tab for resources on creating surveys, finding tests, designing studies, etc.

Step 4: Present your results. The " Writing & Citing " tab brings together resources for writing the paper, citing your sources, and avoiding plagiarism. The " Presentation skills " tab will help you create effective visual aids and deliver a professional presentation.

Graduate Thesis and Dissertation General Guidelines

Here you will find everything you need to know about the purpose of a dissertation or thesis and the steps to complete and submit your work.

These guidelines were created by the Webster University Office of Academic Affairs and approved by Webster University Graduate Council. This current version is from 2018. 

• Does the library have theses in the collection?
• Does the library keep graduate capstone (a.k.a. 6000) papers?
• How do I find a thesis or dissertation?

Academic Writing and Research: Top Tips to Transform Your Paper

• Academic Writing & Research: Top Tips to Transform Your Paper (Recorded on Apr. 3, 2019; 37 minutes) New to writing and research or just want to up your game? Join us! Learn simple and effective tips from Writing Center and Library staff to make your writing more polished and to find and integrate others’ ideas and research to strengthen your thesis and argument. Click here to watch specific parts of this video.

Watch  specific topics in this video

Visit our Library Training, Tutorials & Webinars  page to see tutorials that will sharpen your research skills and offer helpful guidance in doing a capstone, thesis or advanced research project. Recorded webinars may be watched at your convenience. Live webinars offer an interactive experience with Webster U. librarians present to answer your questions.

The Research Cycle is a circular process with the goal of identifying relevant and useful results.  The pieces of the process are:

• Define task: What is your assignment, problem or question?
• Identify options: What kinds of information do you need and where do you look?
• Select your sources: How do you search for them and which do you choose?
• Analyze content: What di you discover and what does it mean?
• Present findings: How do you organize and communicate what you have learned?

When you complete these steps you will need to evaluate your results.  Depending on your assignment you may need to refine or change your question and begin the process again.

  CMST 101: Introduction to Communications, Marian Lyles: Intro to Research.   Seattle Central College Library.   Seattle Central College. 10 Feb. 2016. Web. 16 Jun 2016.

• Next: Thinking about your project >>
• Last Updated: Oct 31, 2023 8:05 PM
• URL: https://libguides.webster.edu/capstone

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The Best 150 Capstone Project Topic Ideas

10 May 2022

Quick Navigation

❔What is a Capstone Project?

Capstone Project Ideas:

• 💾Computer Science
• 🎒High School Education
• 💻Information Technology
• 🎭Psychology
• 🪄Management
• 🪛Engineering
• 💰Accounting

✅Capstone Writing: 10 Steps

The long path of research works ahead, and you can't find any capstone project ideas that would be interesting and innovative? The task can seem even more challenging for you to feel all the responsibility of this first step. The top 150 capstone ideas presented below aim to make a not-so-effort-consuming choice.

You'll be covered in major subjects with the list of the capstone project topics we've picked for you. Read on, and you'll get ideas for capstone projects in information technology, nursing, psychology, marketing, management, and more.

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What is a Capstone Project?

Educational institutions use the capstone project to evaluate your understanding of the course on various parameters. For the students, the work on the project gives an excellent opportunity to demonstrate their presentation, problem-solving and soft skills. Capstone projects are normally used in the curriculum of colleges and schools. Also called a senior exhibition or a culminating project, such assignments mark the end of a course.

This assignment has several different objectives, among which are the following:

• to encourage independent planning,
• to learn to meet up deadlines,
• to practice a detailed analysis,
• to work in teams.

It's not that easy to pick the right capstone paper topic. The problem intensifies as each student or separate team have to work on a single assignment which has to be unique. The best capstone project ideas may possibly run out. However, whatever topic you opt for, you'd better start your preparation and research on the subject as early as possible.

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15 Amazing Capstone Project Ideas for Nursing Course

Studying nursing is challenging, as it requires a prominent theoretical foundation and is fully practical at the same time. You should have to do thorough research and provide evidence for your ideas, but what to start with? The preparation for your  capstone project in nursing won't be overwhelming if you use these capstone title ideas:

• Innovation and Improvement in Nursing
• Vaccination Chart Creation
• The Role of Nurses in Today's Society
• Shortage in Nursing and Its Effects on Healthcare
• Evidential Practices and Their Promotion in Nursing
• Global Changes in the Approach to Vaccination
• Top Emergency Practices
• Preventive Interventions for ADHD
• Quality of Nursing and Hospital Personnel Shifts: The Interrelation
• Ways to Prevent Sexually Transmitted Diseases
• Brand New Approaches in Diagnostics in the Nursing Field
• Diabetes Mellitus in Young Adults: Prevention and Treatment
• Healthcare in Ambulances: Methods of Improvement
• Postpartum Depression Therapy
• The Ways to Carry a Healthy Baby

15 Attractive Computer Science Capstone Project Ideas

Computer science is so rapidly developing that you might easily get lost in the new trends in the sphere. Gaming and internet security, machine learning and computer forensics, artificial intelligence, and database development – you first have to settle down on something. Check the topics for the capstone project examples below to pick one. Decide how deeply you will research the topic and define how wide or narrow the sphere of your investigation will be.

• Cybersecurity: Threats and Elimination Ways
• Data Mining in Commerce: Its Role and Perspectives
• Programming Languages Evolution
• Social Media Usage: How Safe Is It?
• Classification of Images
• Implementation of Artificial Intelligence in Insurance Cost Prediction
• Key Security Concerns of Internet Banking
• SaaS Technologies of the Modern Time
• The evolvement of Mobile Gaming and Mobile Gambling
• The Role of Cloud Computing and IoT in Modern Times
• Chatbots and Their Role in Modern Customer Support
• Computer Learning Hits and Misses
• Digitalization of Education
• Artificial Intelligence in Education: Perspectives
• Software Quality Control: Top Modern Practices

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15 High School Education Capstone Project Ideas for Inspiration

High school education is a transit point in professional education and the most valuable period for personal soft skills development. As a result, high school capstone project ideas cover a wide range of topics. They may range from local startup analysis and engineer's career path to bullying problems. It's up to you to use the chosen statement as the ready capstone project title or just an idea for future development.

• A Small Enterprise Business Plan
• Advantages and Disadvantages of Virtual Learning in Schools
• Space Tourism: The Start and Development
• Pros and Cons of Uniforms and Dress Codes
• What is Cyberbullying and How to Reduce It
• Becoming a Doctor: Find Your Way
• A Career in Sports: Pros and Cons
• How to Eliminate the Risks of Peer Pressure
• Ensuring Better Behaviours in Classroom
• Cutting-Edge Technologies: NASA versus SpaceX
• The Reverse Side of Shyness
• Stress in High School and the Ways to Minimize It
• How to Bring Up a Leader
• Outdated Education Practices
• Learning Disabilities: What to Pay Attention to in Children's Development

15 Capstone Project Topics in Information Technology – Search for Your Best

Information technology is a separate area developed on the basis of computer science, and it might be challenging to capture the differences between them. If you hesitate about what to start with – use the following topics for the capstone project as the starting point for your capstone research topics.

• Types of Databases in Information Systems
• Voice Recognition Technology and Its Benefits
• The Perspectives of Cloud Computing
• Security Issues of VPN Usage
• Censorship in Internet Worldwide
• Problems of Safe and Secure Internet Environment
• The Cryptocurrency Market: What Are the Development Paths?
• Analytics in the Oil and Gas Industry: The Benefits of Big Data Utilization
• Procedures, Strengths, and Weaknesses in Data Mining
• Networking Protocols: Safety Evaluation
• Implementation of Smart Systems in Parking
• Workplace Agile Methodology
• Manual Testing vs. Automated Testing
• Programming Algorithms and the Differences Between Them
• Strengths and Weaknesses of Cybersecurity

15 Interesting Psychology Capstone Project Ideas

Society shows increasing attention to mental health. The range of issues influencing human psychology is vast, and the choice may be difficult. You'll find simple capstone project ideas to settle on in the following list.

• The Impact of Abortion on Mental Health
• Bipolar Disorder and Its Overall Effects on the Life Quality
• How Gender Influences Depression
• Inherited and Environmental Effects on Hyperactive Children
• The Impact of Culture on Psychology
• How Sleep Quality Influences the Work Performance
• Long- and Short-Term Memory: The Comparison
• Studying Schizophrenia
• Terrorist's Psychology: Comprehension and Treatment
• The Reasons for Suicidal Behaviour
• Aggression in Movies and Games and Its Effects on Teenagers
• Military Psychology: Its Methods and Outcomes
• The Reasons for Criminal Behavior: A Psychology Perspective
• Psychological Assessment of Juvenile Sex Offenders
• Do Colours Affect The Brain?

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15 Capstone Project Ideas for Management Course

Studying management means dealing with the most varied spheres of life, problem-solving in different business areas, and evaluating risks. The challenge starts when you select the appropriate topic for your capstone project. Let the following list help you come up with your ideas.

• Innovative Approaches in Management in Different Industries
• Analyzing Hotels Customer Service
• Project Manager: Profile Evaluation
• Crisis Management in Small Business Enterprises
• Interrelation Between Corporate Strategies and Their Capital Structures
• How to Develop an Efficient Corporate Strategy
• The Reasons For Under-Representation of Managing Women
• Ways to Create a Powerful Public Relations Strategy
• The Increasing Role of Technology in Management
• Fresh Trends in E-Commerce Management
• Political Campaigns Project Management
• The Risk Management Importance
• Key Principles in the Management of Supply Chains
• Relations with Suppliers in Business Management
• Business Management: Globalization Impact

15 Capstone Project Ideas for Your Marketing Course

Marketing aims to make the business attractive to the customer and client-oriented. The variety of easy capstone project ideas below gives you the start for your research work.

• How to Maximize Customer Engagement
• Real Businesses Top Content Strategies
• Creation of Brand Awareness in Online Environments
• The Efficiency of Blogs in Traffic Generation
• Marketing Strategies in B2B and B2C
• Marketing and Globalization
• Traditional Marketing and Online Marketing: Distinguishing Features
• How Loyalty Programs Influence Customers
• The Principles of E-Commerce Marketing
• Brand Value-Building Strategies
• Personnel Metrics in Marketing
• Social Media as Marketing Tools
• Advertising Campaigns: The Importance of Jingles
• How to Improve Marketing Channels
• Habitual Buying Behaviours of Customers

15 Best Capstone Engineering Project Ideas

It's challenging to find a more varied discipline than engineering. If you study it – you already know your specialization and occupational interest, but the list of ideas below can be helpful.

• How to Make a Self-Flying Robot
• How to Make Robotic Arm
• Biomass Fuelled Water Heater
• Geological Data: Transmission and Storage
• Uphill Wheelchairs: The Use and Development
• Types of Pollution Monitoring Systems
• Operation Principles of Solar Panels
• Developing a Playground for Children with Disabilities
• The Car with a Remote-Control
• Self-Driving Cars: Future or Fantasy?
• The Perspectives of Stair-Climbing Wheelchair
• Mechanisms of Motorized Chains
• How to Build a Car Engine
• Electric Vehicles are Environment-Friendly: Myth or Reality?
• The Use of Engineering Advancements in Agriculture

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15 Senior Capstone Project Ideas for MBA

Here you might read some senior capstone project ideas to help you with your MBA assignment.

• Management Strategies for Developing Countries Businesses
• New App Market Analysis
• Corporate Downsizing and the Following Re-Organization
• How to Make a Business Plan for a Start-Up
• Relationships with Stakeholders
• Small Teams: Culture and Conflict
• Organization Managing Diversity
• What to Pay Attention to in Business Outsourcing
• Business Management and Globalization
• The Most Recent HR Management Principles
• Dealing with Conflicts in Large Companies
• Culturally Differentiated Approaches in Management
• Ethical Principles in Top-Tier Management
• Corporate Strategy Design
• Risk Management and Large Businesses

15 Capstone Project Ideas for an Accounting Course

Try these ideas for your Capstone Project in Accounting – and get the best result possible.

• How Popular Accounting Theories Developed
• Fixed Assets Accounting System
• Accounting Principles in Information Systems
• Interrelation Between Accounting and Ethical Decision-Making
• Ways to Minimize a Company's Tax Liabilities
• Tax Evasion and Accounting: Key Principles
• Auditing Firm Accounting Procedures
• A New Accounting Theory Development
• Accounting Software
• Top Three World Recessions
• Accounting Methods in Proprietorship
• Accounting Standards Globally and Locally
• Personal Finance and the Recession Effect
• Company Accounting: Managerial Principles and Functions
• Payroll Management Systems

Capstone Writing: 10 Essential Steps

Be it a senior capstone project of a high school pupil or one for college, you follow these ten steps. This will ensure you'll create a powerful capstone paper in the outcome and get the best grade:

• One of the tips for choosing a topic that your professors would be interested in is picking a subject in the course of your classes. Make notes during the term, and you will definitely encounter an appropriate topic.
• Opt for a precise topic rather than a general one. This concerns especially business subjects.
• Have your capstone project topic approved by your professor.
• Conduct a thorough information search before developing a structure.
• Don't hesitate to do surveys; they can provide extra points.
• Schedule your time correctly, ensuring a large enough time gap for unpredictable needs.
• Never avoid proofreading – this is the last but not least step before submission.
• Stick up to the topic and logical structure of your work.
• Get prepared to present your project to the audience, learn all the essential points, and stay confident.
• Accept feedback open-mindedly from your teacher as well as your peers.

Preparation of a powerful capstone project involves both selection of an exciting topic and its in-depth examination. If you are interested in the topic, you can demonstrate a deep insight into the subject to your professor. The lists of ideas above will inspire you and prepare you for the successful completion of your project. Don't hesitate to try them now!

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MBA Capstone & Thesis | 2022 Guide

Reese Lopez

Contributing Writer

Learn about our editorial process .

Updated November 17, 2022

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Are you ready to discover your college program?

Typically serving as the culminating experience in an MBA program, a capstone or thesis project bridges academic study and professional practice, applying the skills gained from an MBA to real-world business management and research. Thesis projects commonly take a more academic, research-based approach, while capstones focus on the practical side of business, often requiring students to identify and solve problems at real companies.

Capstones require students to synthesize everything they've learned from their MBA programs, serving as their best opportunity to demonstrate understanding of business principles and practices. Andrew Gold, an associate professor of management at Saint Leo University in Florida, puts it plainly: "The capstone is probably the single most important class in the entire program."

This page offers a general guide to MBA capstone and thesis projects. Below, find an overview of the key differences between the two types of projects, typical steps to research and writing, capstone project examples, and answers to common questions -- all accompanied by expert advice from an MBA faculty member.

What's the Difference Between a Capstone and a Thesis?

While a capstone and thesis serve similar functions, most MBA programs distinguish between the two projects. MBAs typically include practicum/internship components, enabling students to gain hands-on experience in professional business environments. Capstones build on this experience, requiring students to develop practical solutions to real-world business problems.

As Gold explains, "The [capstone] is intended to demonstrate that you understand and can apply what you have learned about the various disciplines in the business school and use some creativity to put together comprehensive analyses of complicated, real-life problems."

A thesis generally takes a more academic approach, requiring students to answer a question to contribute new knowledge to the field through a comprehensive research paper. Programs with an academic focus, preparing graduates for research and academic positions, might opt for a thesis over a capstone.

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The MBA Capstone

Broadly, MBA capstones require students to synthesize major program principles to address contemporary business issues, serving to assess overall knowledge and individual skill. As Gold explains, "In addition to demonstrating students' abilities to analyze complex problems, the [capstone] typically shows evidence of creative thinking, critical thinking, and the ability to examine a problem from a variety of functional perspectives." The following sections detail typical capstone components and processes.

The MBA Capstone Process

The MBA Capstone Format

Choosing Your Capstone Topic

Example Topics for Capstone Projects

Business plan for a startup venture, analysis of emerging technology threats, reorganization after corporate downsizing, gamification of sustainability behavior, feasibility and market analysis for a new app.

Completing Your MBA Capstone

• Collapse All

How to Research for Your Capstone

Capstone research often involves a literature review of existing information on a topic, along with original research into the company itself. To address a business problem, students must understand both the general nature of the problem and its specific impact on an organization.

Gold recommends students familiarize themselves with their capstone topics before contacting their organizations with questions: "Get as much information as possible from publicly available sources. Prepare questions in advance."

When conducting interviews, strive for courtesy and professionalism. "Understand that the people you speak with in the company are doing this outside their normal job routine, so make it as easy as possible for them to help you with the least amount of effort on their part," Gold adds. "Be specific with your requests and be very professional."

How to Outline Your Capstone

After conducting initial research, students should create an outline to organize their ideas and prepare to write their capstone papers. Exact organizational strategies vary depending on capstone subject, but most papers begin with an introduction to the company and/or business issue before moving into a more in-depth problem statement. The paper then states capstone goals and objectives, and it describes methods and strategies, a management plan, and a strategy for evaluating the effectiveness of the project.

Gold offers some practical advice for students: "Start with a high-level list of bullet points that will carve out each of the different sections of the project. Then start to narrow down each of the sections. Much of the outline will develop as you start to proceed with the project and there are a variety of templates online that you can also use as a guide."

How to Write Your Capstone

Gold recommends students begin their writing with high-level questions: "What is it that you are trying to answer? Avoid very simple yes/no-type questions, and instead ask questions like, 'How might we' or 'How can we,' that imply more complicated answers. As you hone in your question/topic for your project, then start to think about how you would go about answering the question."

Given that most capstone projects aim to propose solutions to business problems, students should ensure they clearly define the business problem, their strategies for addressing it, and their methods for evaluating strategy effectiveness. Capstone writing should always adopt a professional tone, suitable for academic or business communications, and students can work with faculty to ensure their work meets professional standards.

Capstone Project Workflow Tips

Make realistic goals, divide work into stages, delegate tasks efficiently, use past work as a guide, seek assistance when necessary.

Presenting Your MBA Capstone

How Is an MBA Capstone Graded?

The MBA Thesis

An MBA thesis functions similarly to a capstone in some regards, but the two projects maintain notable differences. While capstones address practical business problems, thesis projects draw on original research to contribute new knowledge to the field of business. This section outlines major components of an MBA thesis.

The MBA Thesis Format

Choosing Your Thesis Topic

Completing Your MBA Thesis

Presenting Your MBA Thesis

How is an MBA Thesis Graded?

Frequently Asked Questions About MBA Capstone

What is an mba capstone project, what are different types of mba capstones, is a capstone course hard, how long does an mba capstone project take, what is a great company for an mba capstone analysis project, what happens if you fail your capstone, is a capstone the same as a thesis, what is the difference between a dissertation and a capstone, is a thesis required for an mba, how long is an mba thesis, meet andrew gold.

Andrew Gold

Andrew Gold , Ph.D., is an associate professor of management at Saint Leo University in Florida and an adjunct associate professor at the University of North Carolina, teaching managing innovation processes and performance in the online MBA program . He received his bachelor's degree in finance in 1992 from Ohio State University's Fisher College of Business, with a focus on international finance and investments. He received his doctorate in 2002 from the University of North Carolina's Kenan-Flagler Business School, with a focus on strategy and innovation management.

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Thesis and Capstone Formatting Guidelines

The paper for the two official copies of the manuscript is 8 x 11, at least 20% cotton content. Text should only be printed on one side.

The margins for the text, including page numbers, must be 1 inch at the top, bottom, and right side of the page, and 1 inches on the left side to allow for binding. Page numbers should be included within these margins.

The body of the document must be double-spaced. Tables may be single-spaced. Consult the style manual of your discipline for spacing after title, headings, quotations, references, etc.

The typeface for the text must be 12-point, serif typeface, e.g., Courier, Times Roman. Black ink should be used unless color is approved by the thesis/capstone director.

Page Numbering

Number all preliminary pages with lower case Roman numerals. Place numbers one inch from bottom of page, three spaces to the right of center. Count but do not number the title page. Number the thesis main body with Arabic numbers in the upper right-hand corner of the page one inch from the top with a double space before the first line of text, and 1 inch from the right-hand side of paper edge. Count but do not number the first page of the main body of the text. Also, do not place a running head on this first page.

Preliminary Pages

Title Page. On the title page, the following information is vertically and horizontally centered: the title of the master's thesis; the full name of the author (this must be the name of the student record); "A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of (Master of Arts, Master of Business Administration, Master of Science, etc.)"; "Northeastern State University"; and the month and year in which the degree sought is to be awarded (contact the Graduate College for the correct month and year). There should be an equal number of spaces between title/author text and the degree text and the date.

Signature/Approval Page

The signature/approval page begins with the thesis title keyed two inches down from top of page. Use inverted pyramid for longer titles and center within margins. Double-space typed lines. Include signature lines for all of your committee members and the Graduate College Dean. Instructions on inserting signatures in the final document are available on the web or see your adviser for assistance.

The abstract is a one-paragraph, double-spaced, self-contained summary of the most important elements of the paper. The abstract begins on a new page.

Acknowledgments (departmental designation)

The format of the acknowledgments page is determined by the discipline style manual. An acknowledgments page is included immediately before the table of contents. Acknowledgments should be made of any grants that supported the research. The thesis/capstone advisor, readers and any others who contributed significantly to the project is typically also noted here.

Table of Contents (departmental designation)

The format of the table of contents is determined by the discipline style manual. The table of contents will list the page numbers of the chapters and specific pages that follow. Double space each entry, beginning with the list of tables, if applicable, chapters of the main body, references, and appendices.

List of Tables and Figures (if applicable)

The format of the list of tables and figures is determined by the discipline style manual. Tables are data presented in tabular form (rows and columns) and should not include any artwork or graphics. Tables should be formatted with clear labels for the rows and columns. Figures are any illustrations that are not in table format. Both tables and figures should be designed to communicate information quickly and clearly. Refer to the style manual for your discipline for documenting tables and figures.

Body of Thesis/Capstone

The format of the body of the thesis is determined by the discipline style manual. The text is to be double spaced with paragraph indentions. Margins are one-inch at top, bottom and right. A one and one-half inch margin on left side of the paper will allow for binding. All main body pages are to be numbered consecutively with Arabic numerals in the upper right-hand corner of each page (except for the first page which is counted but not numbered), one inch from the top and one inch from the right-hand edge of the paper. Double-space between the page number and the top line of text. Do not use the abbreviation p. or any other mark before the page number.

The number of chapters, chapter titles, headings, and subheadings within chapters should be chosen to present the material in a logical and comprehensible manner and formatted according to the discipline style manual. Thesis/capstone content and form should be discussed with your thesis/capstone committee or thesis/capstone advisor/first reader before you complete the thesis/capstone. Formatting will be according to the style manual used by the discipline.

Bibliography/References/Works Cited

The thesis/capstone must contain documentation for all sources cited in the text. This documentation takes the form of the Bibliography, References, or Works Cited page(s), depending on the style manual used in your discipline. Each source that is mentioned in the text of the thesis/capstone must be documented. Formatting will be according to the style manual used by the discipline.

One or more appendix may be included for material which would detract from the flow of the manuscript, but which is relevant to the thesis/capstone. Examples include large data sets, computer programs, and stimulus materials. Formatting will be according to the style manual used by the discipline.

Order of Pages

The following indicates the correct order of pages. Some pages are required for all theses while other pages are optional and should be included as needed.

Theses and Capstone Projects: Writing your thesis or capstone project report

When a final project includes a written document of some sort, students are expected to follow the appropriate MSOE style guide. There are separate style guides for undergraduate and graduate work.

The applicable style guide can be found here:

• MSOE Graduate Student Documentation and Style Guide For Technical Documents
• MSOE Undergraduate Documentation and Style Guide

Thesis and Capstone Reports

MSOE librarians work closely with graduate students and their advisers during the thesis and capstone report phase of their education. The following resources, documents and information will help you complete your final project.

Graduate Thesis and Capstone Report Format Checks

In compliance with Graduate Programs Council (GPC) Policy 09, the library is responsible for verifying that all MSOE Graduate Thesis and Capstone Report documents comply with MSOE’s format requirements.

Graduate Thesis and Capstone Report Completion

• Graduate Thesis and Capstone Publication Approval Form Complete this form and submit it to the library along with the thesis or capstone project to be reviewed.
• MSOE Electronic Thesis and Capstone Project Report Permission Form Use this Form to grant MSOE permission to electronically publish a graduate degree thesis or a graduate degree capstone project report or other independent graduate degree final report or essay.
• Library “Non-Circulation Status” Request Form Complete this from to request access restrictions for a thesis or capstone report.

Personal Thesis/Capstone Bindery Request

The library offers a bindery service for graduate students interested in having copies of their thesis or capstone report bound in a durable, sturdy, and attractive hardcover binding. Students are charged a fee per volume for the service. To request binding of a thesis or capstone report, please send an email to [email protected] .

Electronic Publications at MSOE

• Electronic Publications at MSOE A selection of theses and final capstone project reports completed by graduate students at MSOE that have been approved for electronic dissemination.

MSOE electronic publication provides the broadest possible method of disseminating your work. With electronic publication, the full text of your electronic thesis, capstone project report, or final independent report or essay is freely accessible world-wide on the Internet. Electronic publication of your document typically results in more recognition of your research work, wider dissemination of scholarly information, and acceleration of research.

The MSOE Library invites MSOE graduate students who have completed an approved master's thesis, capstone project report, or other independent final report or essay to submit their work to the MSOE Institutional Repository. In order to participate, graduate students must complete and submit a Permission Form in order to enable MSOE to electronically publish their work.

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Thesis and Capstone Requirements for Teaching Programs

At the end of most teaching programs, students complete a capstone project or write a thesis to earn their degree. Both culminating experiences give students the opportunity to demonstrate mastery of their field. A student earns credits through their capstone course that count toward the total number of credits required for graduation. Postbaccalaureate programs often give students the option of completing a capstone project instead of writing a thesis. Local schools or community sites may also support capstone projects, and some schools allow a group of students to work together on their project.

At the end of most teaching programs, students complete a capstone project or write a thesis to earn their degree.

Students who opt to complete a capstone project must document their experience and submit a written summary of their work. Learners complete a more research-oriented thesis in addition to regular classes. Writing a thesis often includes an oral presentation or “defense” before a panel of academics familiar with the subject matter of the thesis.

What’s the Difference Between a Capstone and a Thesis in Teaching Programs?

Unlike a thesis, a capstone project addresses a practical problem or concern for which the student attempts to find a solution. A capstone project usually consists of an actionable proposal. A thesis, on the other hand, adds to the body of knowledge about much broader issues in the student’s field of study. Capstones involve developing a hypothesis, doing the necessary research to prove or disprove the hypothesis, drawing conclusions, and relating these to the core of existing knowledge on the subject matter. Undergraduate programs often include a capstone requirement for graduation, while postgraduate studies may require a thesis.

What Is a Capstone Like in Teaching Programs?

Teaching capstone format.

Most schools assign a minimum of three credits to an undergraduate capstone course. Students must select a topic or problem to study and resolve, typically within the course of a semester. Capstone projects often examine issues and concerns with a narrow focus.

The final form of a capstone project varies. However, students must often submit 10-15 pages describing their project and outcome. Most graduate-level programs that allow students to complete a capstone project instead of writing a thesis give students up to two semesters to fulfill the requirement.

Choosing Your Teaching Capstone Topic

A capstone project gives students the opportunity to apply classroom learning to practical situations related to their study. Capstone topics often connect to the concerns and challenges that currently exist in the field, with the course’s professor advising the project. However, some programs allow experts in the student’s capstone topic to act as an adjunct adviser for the project. As a result, students often find networking opportunities as they work on their capstone projects. These connections may benefit students after graduation in terms of pursuing the project further, possible employment, or professional referral.

Completing Your Teaching Capstone

Once you narrow your options, meet with your capstone adviser to discuss the project.

Every capstone project begins with choosing a topic. If a subject particularly interests you, list that as your top choice for the capstone. Explore other current issues in the field and come up with one or two additional areas to investigate. Once you narrow your options, meet with your capstone adviser to discuss the project. He or she can guide you in further sharpening your focus and coming up with the final framework or design for your project. Some programs permit students to carry out their capstone projects in their place of work. Find out if your program allows for this, as it can help you manage your time more efficiently.

Presenting Your Teaching Capstone

Undergraduate capstone projects often require a presentation before a panel of three to four members. The student’s adviser sits on the panel, along with the person who worked closely with the student in the field. Sometimes, the department head and other academic personnel with a connection to the project or the student also joins. Some schools hold these panel presentations within the context of a bigger event and may make the presentation open to the public. On occasions, students choose the manner of presentation, which largely depends of the nature of the project. For example, they could demonstrate a teaching method by conducting a mini-class or present their findings through a video or slideshow.

How Is a Teaching Capstone Graded?

Schools follow their own procedure in grading capstone projects. As part of a course, capstone projects can result in a failing grade but may depend on how the student performs in the other parts of the course. Most schools allow students to retake a capstone course. However, since students receive a clear grading rubric before they begin their project, most capstone projects turn out to be successful and deeply rewarding endeavors.

What Is a Thesis Like in Teaching Programs?

Teaching thesis format.

Most graduate-level programs give students up to a year to complete their thesis — from topic proposal and presentation to the final defense. A thesis is not usually administered as a course and must be completed before a student can graduate from a program. Most schools require students to enroll in a research course before beginning their thesis, as a thesis requires research-oriented written communication. Students work on their thesis on their own, rather than in groups, and remain under the close supervision of an academic adviser.

Thesis Topics for Education Majors

Deciding on a master of education thesis topic can prove a daunting task. The vast and vibrant education field develops and changes at every level. It can benefit you to begin with a topic that holds your interest. After all, you will work with this subject for a year — sometimes longer. A thesis should add to the existing body of knowledge in your field, so choose a topic that you feel you can examine in fresh light. Thesis topics for education majors vary and can include not only current issues in the field, but also future directions in light of technology, federal policies, and global factors.

Completing Your Teaching Thesis

In addition to selecting from a range of education master’s thesis topics, you will also need to choose your adviser carefully.

In addition to selecting from a range of education master’s thesis topics, you will also need to choose your adviser carefully. First of all, your adviser should be knowledgeable about your thesis topic to guide you properly throughout the process. Second, you will meet with your adviser several times during the school year, which requires a good working relationship. The adviser’s input is key to a successful thesis writing experience. Your adviser needs to approve your thesis topic before you can begin your research. It remains standard practice for students to report their progress to their advisers at regular intervals during the thesis writing process. This may involve pre-set times (once a month) or whenever the student completes the research and writing needed for a specific section of the thesis.

Presenting Your Teaching Thesis

During a thesis defense, a panel asks questions to ascertain your mastery of the thesis subject matter. It does not involve arguing or defending the merits of your work. In most instances, a defense proves largely formality since the adviser has already evaluated the paper many times during the work process, and the panel receives your work prior to the defense. As with a capstone project panel, a thesis panel typically comprises of the adviser and other faculty members with a deep familiarity with the thesis topic. Most schools do not open a thesis defense to the public.

How Is a Teaching Thesis Graded?

At the beginning of the thesis writing process, your adviser will instruct you on the thesis evaluation process to help you better interpret writing standards. Thesis grades come in the form of quality evaluation — excellent, very good, good, or satisfactory — instead of a letter grade. A good adviser will not let you defend a thesis until he or she approves all materials, so failing a thesis defense rarely occurs.

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100 Best Capstone Project Ideas and Topics

When it comes to completing a final project in school, you likely will think that it is easier if your instructor gives you a list of capstone project ideas to choose from. Most cases, however, require that you come up with your own research study. This can be overwhelming and time-consuming, so we’ve developed a list of 100 capstone project ideas to use for a variety of situations:

High School Senior Capstone Project Ideas

The following capstone project ideas high school can be developed and fleshed out to fit most projects across several subjects. Use them as starting points and brainstorm a bit until you come up with something that genuinely interests you. Our unique topics will help you avoid plagiarism and get an excellent grade.

• Should all alcohol sales be cut off after 10:30 PM?
• At what age should people be allowed to vote in national elections?
• Should social media sites take a stricter and more active role to eliminate offensive comments?
• Do you think schools should expand health services for all students?
• Should all forms of animal cloning be banned all over the world?
• Do you think it is okay for students to get research topic ideas from the internet?
• What does the United States need to do to reduce pollution levels by 2025?
• Is torture an effective method of retrieving information from war prisoners?
• Should the United States lift the tax breaks afforded to religious organizations?
• Do you think communities should put up security cameras as a way of deterring crime?
• Should schools shorten class times or lessen the days spent at school?
• What are the biggest problems in dealing with the U.S. immigration situation?
• Do you think children of people who came to the U.S. illegally should be given citizenship?
• What does public transportation do for the environment?
• Do you think the U.S. should offer incentives for people who purchase electronic cars?
• What is a capstone project and why are they required before earning a degree?
• Do you believe that there are certain types of music genres that can lead to teen suicide?
• Do you think cell phone technologies can be harmful to humans?
• Should the United States give statehood status to Puerto Rico?
• What are the positives and negatives for Britain’s decision to separate itself from the European Union?

Excellent Nursing Capstone Project Ideas

These capstone project ideas for nursing are great for young professionals in the health field. Most deal with nursing specifically, but others explore other areas that may be of interest for anyone working on general health:

• Do you think doctor-assisted suicide should be made legal in the U.S.?
• How does the capstone project meaning impact the type of research studies conducted in the field of medicine?
• What role do nurses have in helping to deter the spread of dangerous diseases and viruses?
• Why are nurses at risk of experience excessive burn-out? Would a change in how their shifts are arranged differently?
• Does spiritual care improve the way nurses can perform their regular duties on patients?
• Do you believe that government rules and regulations impact the way nurses perform their responsibilities?
• How effective is the current process of recruiting nurses? Do private firms have an easier time than public firms?
• What risks do mothers that choose a water birth take on? Are current midwives adequately trained to handle unexpected complications?
• What cardiovascular risks do older patients experience when they are hospitalized?
• What tools and resources do nurses need to perform their duties more effectively in situations where fewer patients are covered for personal care?

Great Business Capstone Project Ideas

• Do you believe high school curricula should include more business-related courses?
• How important is the human resource department in encouraging workplace productivity?
• What are the benefits of large corporations taking “green” measures?
• How effective is marketing and branding in today’s world of social media?
• What are the major causes of corporate bankruptcy in the automobile industry?
• Do family-owned businesses have more or fewer problems than other types of businesses?
• What is the most effective way of starting a small business without enough funding?
• How do European business strategies impact the way the U.S. business owners compete in an overseas market?
• What challenges do small businesses have in providing adequate childcare for their employees?
• Do psychological tests help company owners recruit and hire better performing employees?

Information Technology Capstone Project Ideas

• Has the internet done more to connect people or separate them into different parts of the world?
• What role does information technology have in the health field?
• How has technology advancement affected the environment?
• Does social media impact traditional forms of media? How does impact how people receive news?
• Will doctors ever be replaced as a result of technological advancement?
• Is it ethical for police forces to access private citizens’ profiles? What does this mean for privacy?
• Do you think that hate speech or other types of offensive content sharing should be punishable by law?
• Is it a good idea to incorporate the use of technology in university classes? What does this mean for the process of teaching?
• Should there be limitations on employers’ search of candidates’ personal profiles on social media?
• Do you think it is ethical for employers to use social profiles when making their decisions about hiring a candidate?

Data Science Capstone Project Ideas

• Where do students go to find great senior capstone project ideas related to changing data science issues?
• How does data science impact the way people interact with one another?
• What are the long-term positive or negative effects on children living in technological world?
• What is the most influential data science technology that is being used to solve problems at the global level?
• Do you think countries like North Korea can continue to control national media?
• How does globalization impact the way technologies develop in a world where we are more connected than ever?
• In what ways is big data important for large corporations venturing into new areas or industries?
• How do people who are visually impaired benefit from the new technologies developed from data science?
• What is the feasibility of using computers and robots to enhance financial security?
• How do computer graphics affect the way we understand information produced by big data?

Computer Science Capstone Project Ideas

These IT capstone project ideas can be modified to fit just about any university or graduate-level senior thesis or dissertation:

• Should computer companies begin the process of banning violent video games?
• Do you believe that people feel more or less connected socially because of technology?
• Are social media sites preventing people from exploring creative activities?
• Do you think that young people are becoming far too disassociated with reality because of time-consuming social media sites?
• In what ways has technology impacted the way teachers prepare and give course lessons?
• Do software companies benefit more by creating programs that can be used by the military?
• Should the United States invest in technology in order to maintain a position of power in developing countries?
• What are the technology sectors that have the most growth promise in the next decade?
• Do you believe that have a legal public control or oversight over developing technologies is a good idea?
• Should there be a new position created at the federal level to oversee technology companies?

Capstone Project Ideas for Information Technology

• How does mobile phone technology impact the way people work?
• How do cybersecurity capstone project ideas affect the way large corporations recruit the next generation of developers?
• Do you think there should be more censorship on the internet? What impact does this have on free speech?
• What kind of success has computer-assisted learning had to improve educational levels in developing countries?
• Why are investors showing greater interest in European technology companies?
• How reliable is the technology industry in the 21st century? is there an overwhelming amount of startups flooding the sector?
• Is artificial technology something that will impact the way people work and conduct activities in daily life?
• Are children today more or less likely to excel professionally because of the use of technology?
• What are the most likely home technologies that can positively impact mental and physical health?
• What is the biggest risk involved in online or digital voting in national elections?

Interesting and Creative Project Ideas

• Do you think big game hunting should be banned?
• What effect does pirating have on the music industry in today’s digital age?
• Is sex education still an effective way of preventing teenage sexual activity?
• Is it possible for Europe to adopt an open border policy in the next century?
• Are children’s beauty pageants ethical and what can parents do keep children safe?
• Is it ethical for high school students to recycle capstone project topics for their own research studies?
• Should the death penalty be banned or should it be used less for those convicted of certain crimes?
• What negative impact do fad diets have on children and young people striving to achieve a look that is promoted throughout social media?
• Do you think that smoking should be allowed in public spaces like restaurants and parks?
• What are the most entertaining sporting events in different countries?

MBA Capstone Project Ideas

• Is it better to merge with smaller corporations or to acquire them entirely?
• What role do test markets play in the creation of target specific customer segments?
• What are the most effective ways of encouraging employees to be more productive?
• How have rules for sexual harassment changed over the course of the last decade?
• What impact on pirate websites have on the brand and image of large corporations?
• How to include capstone project in resume in order to land a corporate job?
• How are small enterprises able to compete with larger corporations without access to large-scale marketing strategies and techniques?
• How effective is word of mouth marketing strategies compared to digital marketing on social media?
• How important is social media for small enterprises? Is this different around the globe?
• In what ways do governments benefit from war or conflict happening in other countries?

For a lot more original interesting science topics or capstone project examples written by experts, contact our customer support specialist for details and an opportunity to work with a professional writer one-on-one. By working with an expert you will learn how to write a capstone project effectively and efficiently, resulting in earning the highest possible grade.

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Introduction

When creating references for dissertations, theses, and projects, you will need to determine the correct reference type to follow. Dissertations, theses, and projects are generally divided into two separate groups; those that are published and those that are unpublished.

In most cases, unpublished projects are those that are in print and available only from the degree-granting institution. On the other hand, published projects are those that are available in a database, a university archive, or a personal website. 

Variations - URLs?

Some URLs may be long and complicated. APA 7th edition allows the use of shorter URLs. Shortened URLs can be created using any URL shortener service; however, if you choose to shorten the URL, you must double-check that the URL is functioning and brings the reader to the correct website. 

Common URL Shortner websites include:

More Information

For more information about URLs, see Section 9.36 on page 300 of APA Manual, 7th edition. 

NOTE:  Check your instructor's preference about using short URLs. Some instructors may want the full URL. 

Variations - DOIs?

Some DOIs may be long and complicated. APA 7th edition allows the use of shorter DOI numbers. Shortened DOIs can be located at the International DOI Foundations, shortDOI Service . 

More Information:

For more information about DOIs, see Section 9.36 on page 300 of APA Manual, 7th edition. 

NOTE: Check your instructor's preference for using short DOIs. Some instructors may want the full DOI. 

Variations - Live Hyperlinks?

Should my urls be live.

It depends. When adding URLs to a paper or other work, first, be sure to include the full hyperlink. This includes the http:// or the https://. Additionally, consider where and how the paper or work will be published or read. If the work will only be read in print or as a Word doc or Google Doc, then the URLs should not be live (i.e., they are not blue or underlined). However, if the work will be published or read online, then APA advises to include live URLs. This would allow the reader to click on a link and go to the source.   

For more information, see Section 9.35 on pages 299-300 of the APA Manual, 7th edition. 

NOTE: Check your instructor's preference about using live URLs. Some instructors may not want you to use live URLs. 

Print Master's Thesis, Dissertation, or Project

When creating references for dissertations, theses, and projects, you will need to determine the correct reference type to follow. Dissertations, theses, and projects are generally divided into two separate groups; those that are published and those that are unpublished. In most cases, unpublished projects are those that are in print and available only from the degree-granting institution. 

Panasuk, K. N. (2008). What variables appear to work in stress management programs in the workplace and how effective are

these  programs  [Unpublished master’s final project]? The College of St. Scholastica.

Author: Panasuk, K. N.

Begin the reference with the author's last name first. then, add the initials for the first and middle names (if the middle name or middle initial is provided). add a period after each initial, and if there is a middle initial, add a space between the initials., year of publication: (2008)..

Next, in parentheses, list the year of publication, which appears on the title page or the title verso page (back side of title page). Follow the parentheses with a period.   

Title & Subtitle of the Book: What variables appear to work in stress management programs in the workplace and how effective are these programs [Unpublished master's final project]?

Next, add the title and subtitle of the master's thesis, dissertation, final applied project, or capstone. The title and subtitle are separated by a colon. Capitalize only the first word of the title and subtitle and all proper nouns.  Italicize the title and subtitle. Do not add a period immediately after the title. Instead, add brackets with the type of project (Master's project, doctoral dissertation, etc.) you are referencing. Before the type of project add "Unpublished". When choosing wording to describe the project, use the language the degree-granting institution uses to describe the project (e.g., Master's thesis, Doctoral dissertation, Final Applied Project, Capstone Project, Clinical Project, etc.). Add a period after the brackets. If the title has a question mark or exclamation mark, replace the period after the brackets with the proper punctuation mark used in the title.   

Source Information: The College of St. Scholastica.

Complete the reference with the source information, which is the full name of the college or university awarding the degree. add a period after the institution's name.  more information:.

For more information about master's theses, dissertations, or capstone projects, Section 10.6 on pages 333-334 in the APA Manual, 7th edition.

Parenthetical Citation Example:

 (Panasuk, 2008)

Narrative Citation Example:

Panasuk (2008) identified ...

For more information about author format within parenthetical and narrative citations, see Section 8.17 and Table 8.1 on page 266 of the APA Manual, 7th edition. 

Master's Thesis Published in a Commercial Database (like ProQuest Dissertations & Theses)

When creating references for dissertations, theses, and projects, you will need to determine the correct reference type to follow. Dissertations, theses, and projects are generally divided into two separate groups; those that are published and those that are unpublished. In most cases, published projects are those that are available in a database, a university archive, or a personal website. 

Skallet, S. (2016). Environmental approval duration estimating model for improved linear energy construction project schedules  (Publication No.

10125148)  [Master's capstone project, The College of St. Scholastica]. ProQuest Dissertations & Theses. 

Author: Skallet, S.

Begin the reference with the author's last name first. then, add the initials for the author's first and middle names (if a middle name or middle initial is provided). add a period after each initial, and if there is a middle initial, add a space between the initials.     year of publication: (2016)..

Next, in parentheses, add the year of publication, which appears on the title page or the title page verso (back side of title page). Follow the parentheses with a period.   

Title & Subtitle of the Book:  Environmental approval duration estimating model for improved linear energy construction project schedules  (Publication No. 10125148) [Master's capstone project, The College of St. Scholastica].

Next, add the title and subtitle (if there is a subtitle) of the capstone, final applied project, thesis, or dissertation. Separate the title and subtitle with a colon. Capitalize only the first word of the title and subtitle and all proper nouns. Italicize the title. Do NOT add a period after the title.

After the title, in parentheses, add the publication number (normally found in the record of the project within ProQuest). Before the publication number put "Publication No." Do NOT add a period after the parentheses. 

After the publication number, add brackets with the type of project (Master's thesis, Master's capstone project, doctoral dissertation, etc.) you are referencing. Use the language described by the degree-granting institution to describe the project. Then, add a comma and the name of the institution. Add a period after the brackets.      

Source Information: ProQuest Dissertations and Theses. 

Complete the reference with the commercial database where you found the masters thesis/project. end with a period.    more information:  .

For more information on Master's Theses/Projects, see Section 10.6 on pages 333-334 in the APA Manual, 7th edition.

 (Skallet, 2016)

Skallet (2016) argued ...

Dissertation Published Online

Adame, A. (2019). Fully immersed, fully present: Examining the user experience through the multimodal presence scale and virtual reality gaming

variables [Master's thesis, California State University San Bernardino]. CSUSB ScholarWorks Electronic Theses, Projects, &

Dissertations.  https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd/918/

Author: Adame, A. 

Begin the reference with the author's last name first. Then, add the initials of the author's first and middle names (if a middle name or middle initial is provided). Add a period after each initial, and if there is a middle initial, add a space between the initials. 

Year of Publication: (2019). 

Next, in parentheses, add the year of publication, which appears on the title page or the title verso page (back side of the title page). Follow the parentheses with a period. 

Title & Subtitle of the Book: Fully immersed, fully present: Examining the user experience through the multimodal presence scale and virtual reality gaming variables [Master's thesis, California State University San Bernardino]. 

Next, add the title and subtitle (if there a subtitle present) of the thesis or project. Separate the title and subtitle with a colon. Capitalize only the first word of the title and subtitle as well as proper nouns. Italicize the title and subtitle. Do NOT add a period after the title. Instead, after the title, add brackets with the type of project (Master's thesis, doctoral dissertation, etc.) you are referencing. Use the language described by the degree-granting institution to describe the project. Then, add a comma and the name of the institution. Add a period after the brackets.   

Source Information: CSUSB ScholarWorks Electronic Theses, Projects, & Dissertations.  https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd/918/

Complete the reference with the name of the website or archive where you found the project. After the name of the website or archive, add a period. Then, add the URL to the project. 

For more information about Master's Theses or Projects, see Section 10.6 on page 333 and example 66 on page 334 in the APA Manual, 7th edition. 

(Adame, 2019)

Adame (2019) distinguished between ...

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• List of Capstone Project Titles for Information Technology

Table of Contents

School and Education Category – Importance of IT in Education

Business and accounting category – it in the business world, hotel and tourism category – impact of it systems in hotel industry, health-related capstone project – effect of it on the healthcare sector.

• Vehicle and Transportation Category – Benefits of IT in Vehicle and Transportation
• Crime and Disaster Management Category – Use of ICT in Crime and Disaster Management
• Government Sector Related Capstone Project – IT Solutions for Government Agencies/Sector
• Agriculture Related Capstone Project – IT Innovation for Agriculture

This article is a collection of Capstone Project ideas presented by our team. The capstone projects listed below are categorized based on their relation to various operating sectors and industries. The article’s content might help future researchers coming up with unique capstone project ideas.

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The most crucial and first step in your capstone project journey as a student or researcher is to choose a topic. It is possible to fail if you choose a topic without giving it much thought. To begin, ensure that you are truly interested in the issue and that you are confident that the research part will never bore you. Second, make sure it’s in line with your curriculum and offers you the opportunity to demonstrate what you’ve learned in class to your teacher and it can be utilized in the real world. Listed below are categorized capstone project title ideas that may help future researchers.

The educational sector has undeniably been infused with an abundance of resources and a platform for flexible learning processes and teaching methods thanks to information technology. It’s become even more vital now that we’re amid the COVID-19 pandemic, which is limiting our regular educational system and face-to-face sessions. As of today, flexible learning and new learning modalities were introduced by the means of technology as an aid to continuing the learning process even at home. IT is critical in education because it has paved the way for significant improvement and transformation in the sector.

Technology has significantly benefited the students, teachers, other stakeholders, and educational institutions as a whole. For students, technology has provided them with countless online resources where they can access information and learning materials easily and conveniently. They can learn independently by searching educational resources, enroll in online courses and other learning processes that technology can offer. For teachers, technology has become their aid in providing education to students. Technology allows them to have flexible teaching methods wherein they can extend education to students even without physical interactions. Technology has eased up and simplified the activities and tasks of teachers by providing then different computerized systems and applications. They can use technology to electronically conduct lessons, track student progress, checking attendance, and much more. For other school stakeholders, they can now easily complete transactions in school in a hassle-free manner. For an educational institution as a whole, technology has played an important part in fueling them with resources and platforms to conveniently manage school’s management areas and services. Indeed, Information Technology is essential in education.

Listed below are interesting Capstone project ideas under School and Education Category that our team provided:

• Online E-Learning System
• OJT Timesheet Monitoring System
• Online Examination System
• Student Tracking Performance
• Library Information System
• Student Information System
• Student Handbook Application
• Thesis and Capstone Archiving System
• School Portal Application
• School Events Attendance System
• Grading System
• Student Profile and Guidance Services with Decision Support
• Faculty Evaluation System
• Online School Documents Processing with Payment System
• Class Scheduling System
• Student Council Voting System
• Android Based E-learning
• OJT Records Monitoring System

Information Technology has transformed the business world and its use in streamlining business operations is widely visible. Different software, computerized systems, and applications streamline different business activities and tasks. Information Technology in the business world is ultimately to help the business be more efficient and productive.

IT in business plays a variety of roles, including but not limited to providing businesses with the tools to solve complex problems, assisting businesses in becoming more productive and time-efficient, allowing businesses to make better decisions, advancing marketing strategies, safeguarding data and troubleshooting, streamlining communication systems, and streamlining information systems. Information technology is, without a doubt, the driving force behind the tremendous advancements in the commercial world.

Below are examples of capstone project ideas presented by our team that are under the Business and Accounting Category:

• Sales and Inventory System
• Point of Sale Application
• Boarding House Management System
• COOP Management System
• Insurance Management System
• Beauty Parlor Management System
• Daily Time Record and Payroll System with Barcode/Biometric
• Budget Management System
• Queuing System
• Financial Management with SMS Notification
• Procurement Management System
• Financial Documents Archiving Management System
• Teller’s Queuing System Using Barcode Technology
• Service Marketplace System
• Tailor Booking Management System
• Expense Tracking and Monitoring System
• Loan Transaction and Reservation with SMS
• Accounting Information Management System
• Food Order and Catering Services System
• Online and SMS Based Salary Notification
• Pharmacy Stocks Management
• Laundry Booking System

Today’s tough competition in the Hotel industry has seriously challenged hotel businesses and tourism. However, with the usage of information technology, different hotel businesses have gained a competitive advantage to excel in the market. Technological innovations help hotel owners cope up with the fast-growing competition in the hotel industry. Hotels adapt the use of computerized systems and applications to automate the processes of their transactions and services offered. Different technologies have emerged and transitioned the way how hotel industry operates and conducts business. The impact of IT systems has fueled the hotel industry towards development and improvements.

The hotel sector has benefited from technology in a variety of ways, including cost reduction, increased operational efficiency, and improved services and customer experience. Improved communication, reservations, and guest service systems can benefit both customers and businesses. The tourism and hospitality industries have benefited from electronic labor to replace pricey human labor. This not only helps to save money on labor but also helps to avoid customer service concerns. The hotel and tourism industries continue to benefit from technology in a variety of ways. The use of technology in the hospitality and tourism industries has helped to streamline operations and make travel more comfortable and efficient.

Listed below are examples of capstone project ideas for the Hotel and Tourism Category by our team:

• Hotel Reservation Application
• Tourism Management Database System
• Management Information Systems for Tourism and Hospitality
• Hotel And Restaurant Management And Monitoring System with SMS Support
• Mobile Based Tourist Destination Information
• Hotel Best Prices Mobile Application
• Hospitality Information System
• Cloud-Based Property and Hospitality Management
• Hotel Booking App For Smart Travel
• Point of Sale (PoS) System used in the Hotel Industry
• BrowseHotel: Hotel Hopping using Mobile Devices
• Transaction Processing System in Hotel and Restaurant
• Travel Destination and Events Portal Capstone Project
• Property Management Information System
• Hotels and Vacation Rentals

Technological advancements have made what was once unimaginable and a mere fantasy into reality. Information Technology is the driving force behind the significant changes and improvements in the healthcare sector. The deployment of different health technologies has saved numerous patients and improved healthcare services and operations immensely.

IT have have brought numerous positive effects on the healthcare care sector such as easier access to information, better patient care, and improved operational efficiency and services. One of the biggest benefits that IT has offered in the healthcare sector is the automation of different tasks and activities in the healthcare field. Hospital and patients records are now available electronically which makes them highly accessible and available. Hospitals will not heavily rely on Manual recording and physical storage anymore. Providing quality healthcare and better patient care has also become an easy and simpler task. There are numbers of health devices that made it easy to track and monitor a patient’s health anytime and anywhere.

The following Health-Related capstone project ideas below are provided by our team:

• COVID-19 Facilities Information System
• Contact Tracing Application
• Nutrition and Diet Mobile Application
• Gym Management System
• Android Based Fitness and Exercise App
• Web and Mobile Based Information of Herbal Plants and Medicinal Usages
• Medicine Reminder Application
• Blood Bank Information System
• Mobile Based Common Ailment Guide with Admin Panel
• Health and Welfare Monitoring System
• Web-Based Psychopathology Diagnosis System
• Online Platform for Patient Dental and Medical Records
• Clinic Management System
• Mobile Based E-Prescribing App with Admin Panel
• Mask Wearing Monitoring Application
• Patient monitoring and tracking system of family planning in the community
• Nutrition Office Management Information System
• Online Platform for COVID-19 Contact Tracing System
• Hospital Resources and Room Utilization
• Hospital Management System
• First Aid Knowledge-Based Mobile Application
• X-Ray Results Image Archiving
• Smart Healthcare Support for Remote Patient Monitoring During COVID-19 Quarantine
• Maternal Records Management

Vehicle and Transportation Category –  Benefits of IT in Vehicle and Transportation

Technological innovations have dramatically change the way how transportation sector operates and r is not an exemption. Different technologies have benefited and improved vehicle and transportation systems which leads to the increase of the sector’s efficiency. Counting traffic, detecting crashes, collecting tolls and tickets, and controlling transit operations and traffic light systems have all been made easier thanks to IT systems and gadgets. Travelers profited from information technology as well, with easy and convenient travel and efficient transportation networks. The easy and high accessibility and availability of traffic condition reports, electronic maps, on-board vehicle performance monitors, real-time transit arrival information, and a plethora of other services that travelers rely on when they are on the road are just a few of the benefits for travelers.

Below are our team’s examples of capstone project ideas in-vehicle and transportation categories:

• Online Bus Ticket Reservation
• Vehicle Rental System with Mobile App Support
• Bike Portal Information System
• Vehicle Parking Management System
• Vehicle Impoundment Information Management System
• Vehicle Registration Portal
• Vehicle Franchising and Drivers Offense Software
• Traffic Management System
• Mobile Based Airline Reservation System (Android and IOS)
• Tricycle Driver Conduct Reporting Mobile Application
• Courier Management System
• QR Code Fare Payment System
• Driving School Management System
• PUV Transportation Route and Mapping System
• GPS based Vehicle Theft Detection System using GSM Technology
• Vehicle Insurance Information System
• Shipping Management System

Crime and Disaster Management Category –  Use of ICT in Crime and Disaster Management

In crime and disaster management, the use of information and communication technologies has become increasingly significant. Information sharing and communication integration are crucial in times of accidents, tragedies, catastrophes, and other emergencies to effectively respond to the situation. ICT is crucial in expediting the processes outlined above in crime and disaster management. It improves the efficiency of communication between responders and victims, increasing the chances of lives and resources being saved. Traditional ICT media such as radio and television, as well as advanced ICT such as the Internet, GIS, and other forms, are used in crime and disaster management. Early warning systems are being designed with these technologies in mind, quickening the process of readiness, response, and mitigation. Some cutting-edge methods and applications are being developed to help with effective communication and emergency response.

Below are capstone project ideas of our team for the Crime and Disaster Management Category:

• Mobile Based Emergency Reporting with SMS Support
• Interactive Flood Hazard Map
• Web and Mobile Crime Reporting System
• Weather Prediction App
• Bantay Baha Alert System with SMS and Push Notification
• Fire and Smoke Detection Application with SMS Notification
• SMS-based Flood Monitoring System
• Crisis Information Management Software
• Data Platform for Emergency Response Management
• Fire Extinguisher and Fire Fighting Drone
• Disaster Management Information System
• Crime Scene Management Mobile Application

Government Sector Related Capstone Project  – IT Solutions for Government Agencies/Sector

With the rapid changes that are occurring now, different government agencies or sectors are adapting to the automation brought by technology. Government agencies are employing IT-based solutions in their operations and transactions to increase efficiency. Its solutions help organizations in the government sector cut unnecessary costs, leaving more to invest in enhancing citizen experience when it comes to public services.

The government sector is in continuous search of an innovative IT solution to keep up with the rapid changes and demands of the citizen in their operations and transactions. The government sector will use IT-based solutions to deliver new value for citizens, streamline processes and increase work efficiency within employees in these respective agencies.

Listed below are some innovative government sector-related capstone projects:

• Health Center Information Management System
• Cedula Mobile: Cedula and Certification Request Mobile Application
• Census Monitoring
• Housing Information Management with Mapping
• Barangay Records Management System
• City Business Permit and Monitoring System with Decision Support
• BJMP’S Visitor’s Log Monitoring System
• Project Monitoring and Evaluation System
• Poverty and Malnutrition Monitoring System
• Information System for Bureau of Fire Protection
• DSWD Donation System
• Senior Citizen Information System
• Vaccine Distribution System
• Cloud-Based Business Permit Processing
• PWD Information System
• Evacuation Center Management System
• Curfew and Travel Pass Information System

Agriculture Related Capstone Project  – IT Innovation for Agriculture

Modern technology has made life easier and simpler to live. The advent of computer technologies is the reason behind the improvement of every industry and institution and the agriculture field is no exception. Technological advancements are the driving force behind the improvement in the agricultural field. It introduces a systematic approach to increase efficiency in agricultural productivity.

No matter how hands-on are the operations in the Agricultural field, they have adapted and uses innovative IT solutions to assist them in their operation. The field of agriculture employs information technology to improve production in the food value chain, to help with crop management, pest control, quality control, and integrated disease management. Information Technology innovations will fuel the Agriculture sector for the future and growth of agriculture and food production. Agricultural operations have evolved and use creative IT solutions to support them in their operations, no matter how hands-on they are. Agriculture makes use of information technology to help with crop management, pest control, quality control, and integrated disease management throughout the food value chain. Agriculture’s future and expansion will be fueled by technological breakthroughs in the information technology sector.

Listed below are Agriculture Related Capstone project presented by our team:

• Solar-Powered Water Filtration System used in Farm Land
• Electronic Watering System for Vegetable Nursery Garden
• Mobile Based Farm Management Application
• Android Based Feeds Scheduler Dispensing Application
• Arduino Based Irrigation Device with Android Controlled Settings
• Water Monitoring For Aquaculture with SMS Notification
• Dairy Farm Management System
• Drone Based Seeding Application Controlled by Mobile Devices
• Online Record Archiving of Soil Analysis Results
• Web and Mobile Based Monitoring and Tracking of Fertilizer Delivery Products
• E-commerce Platform for Farm Trading Activities
• Soil Moisture Sensor using Micro Controller
• Mobile Based Instructional Material for Agriculture
• MobileMangrove a Mobile-Based Mangrove Species Field Guide
• Online Platform for Plant Calendar Scheduling
• Android Based Controlled Water Sprinkler

Technology is known as the catalyst for change that took place in different industries and institutions. Information Technology has changed the world dramatically. As of today, it is hard to imagine any sector or institutions that have not benefited from the advancements of technology. As stated above, different industries and sectors like School and Education, Business and Accounting, Hotel and Tourism, healthcare sector, vehicle and transportation, crime and disaster management sector, government sector, and agricultural sector have highly benefited from Information Technology. The most common role that IT played for these sectors is the automation of different operations and transactions to increase efficiency and improve the overall experience and satisfaction of the people. The aforementioned sectors and industries rely on the power of information technology for carrying out their daily tasks conveniently and on time.

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Thesis vs. Capstone: Do You Know the Difference?

Find out the difference between a thesis and a capstone project.

As you prepare to complete your degree program, you may experience more freedom of choice in your options for a culminating assignment. A thesis or capstone project requires you to prove your understanding of vital concepts associated with your chosen profession. Both of these projects are important parts of completing your degree, but they are very different in both process and presentation. Whether your degree program requires one of these projects or you get to choose, it's important to understand what the project entails. Understanding what you're facing will help you plan and do your best work. Here's a guide to help you understand the distinction between a thesis vs. a capstone.

What Is a Thesis?

A thesis, also known as a "dissertation," is a culminating research paper and a requirement for many universities. It serves as the final step to completing your master's or doctoral degree. A thesis is a scholarly paper that requires  careful planning , thought, and research. The goal is to write a thesis that contributes something valuable to your area of study or future profession.

(a). Planning Your Thesis

In your thesis, you'll attempt to prove or disprove your hypothesis. You should begin the research process early in your degree program. This allows you to conduct research and work with an advisor or dissertation committee along the way. In most cases, you will submit a letter of intent that defines your topic. You must describe why you chose the topic and your plan for the paper itself. Typically, the subject matter for your thesis is your choice. You must narrow the purpose for your research in a one or two sentence thesis statement.

(b). The Thesis Statement

Think of your thesis statement as an answer to a question. Your answer is your position on the matter-at-hand. Your thesis can be either argumentative, analytical, or expository. Writing a thesis statement takes work. And you may need to write several versions before settling on a final statement.

(c). Writing Your Thesis

The most time-consuming aspect of your thesis will be the time you spend researching and writing. You must back your conclusions with extensive research and provide scholarly information and descriptions of how you reached your conclusions. Depending on your field of study, you may have to do an in-person oral defense of your paper. In some situations, you may be able to do an online presentation. You must provide evidence of advanced research, thoughtful analysis, and meaningful contribution to your field.

What Is a Capstone Project?

A capstone project or course comes at the end of your bachelor's or master's degree program. It's not a final exam. Instead, the goal is to test your research and critical thinking skills in a way that demonstrates your knowledge of the subject matter. A capstone project can take various forms. These include:

• A  research paper  that includes various elements of your degree program.
• A plan or proposal where you address a problem you may see in your chosen profession.
• A simulation where you propose solutions to real-world challenges.

Simulations in a group setting may require you to lead, strategize, and delegate to solve a problem or pursue a goal. Depending on the university you attend, you may have the freedom to choose your own capstone project, or your instructor may choose one for you.

Thesis and Capstone Similarities

Although there are many differences between the thesis and capstone tracks, they are similar in a variety of ways. The following points are true for both thesis and capstone requirements.

• Both allow the student to show their unique understanding of a topic.
• Both attempt to address an area of interest and its relevance in the world.
• Both are culminating assignments involving the presentation of data or arguments.

Capstone or Thesis Requirements in Nursing

Most undergraduate nursing programs require a capstone, while most master's programs require a thesis. Undergraduates often write and complete a capstone project over the course of a final semester. Graduate students can spend one to three years writing a thesis. A program of study may include a practicum or internship as part of the requirements for the capstone or thesis. However, this is more common with capstone requirements. Both capstones and theses require a student to demonstrate the knowledge they've gained through their college courses. 

Nursing Thesis Format

A nursing thesis is a research paper that requires extensive quantitative or qualitative research. The thesis normally takes 2-3 years to complete. Different programs have their own requirements, so the time involved may vary. In a typical nursing program, students take a course that introduces them to research and the requirements for a thesis. This helps to keep them on track for meeting due dates throughout the research process. Once a student has completed all the requirements for their thesis, they will defend their findings before a panel. Most students will present alone, but some nursing programs allow students to work with a partner or in a small group.

Nursing Capstone Format

Although nursing capstone requirements vary, most programs include one to two courses to complete a capstone. During the senior year of college, students work on a capstone project or research paper. Part of the capstone requirement may include working in a hospital or other healthcare facility under the guidance of a clinical preceptor. Students gain on-the-job professional experience and conduct research on a clinical or theoretical issue in nursing. When the capstone is complete, students present their research and findings for review.

Grading for Thesis vs. Capstone

After a student completes their thesis presentation, a committee deliberates to decide whether or not the student passed. The panel may include an advisor and faculty members who worked with the student during the thesis process. Students present their research and answer questions from the panel. They must adequately defend their research findings in order to pass. The thesis defense process can last half an hour to several hours. In some cases, the process may be open to the public.

Before a  capstone course  begins, students should receive guidelines for the course expectations and a detailed rubric. When the capstone is complete, the capstone panel evaluates each project based on set criteria. Students may receive a letter indicating whether they passed or failed. A student who fails the capstone course may file an appeal or repeat the course the following year.

Making the Commitment

If you've wondered about the difference between thesis vs. capstone, you can see they have very different requirements but share a similar purpose. Both require dedication and a lengthy commitment to an academic pursuit. Once your capstone or thesis process is complete, you're one step closer to your dreams of a career or further study. If you need assistance planning, writing, or editing your capstone, master's thesis, or a doctoral dissertation,  our talented writers  are available to assist you.

Comment by Daniel |

I like your blog. The articles are helpful.

Revue belge de géographie

Accueil Numéros 4 Constructing urban cultural lands...

Constructing urban cultural landscapes & living in the palimpsests: a case of Moscow city (Russia) distant residential areas

A metaphor of palimpsest is used to describe the multivocal cultural landscapes since the 1970s. Interventions into new cultural / humanistic geography, semiotics and the theory of regional geography help to regard each layer of the palimpsest as a constructed context, centered by dominant representation of a place. Real-and-imagined landscapes are regarded as palimpsests lived through everyday practices seen as processes of (re)construction of new layers. Trying to unite those “constructing’ and “living’ perspectives is a challenging task for urban cultural agenda. A series of mobile quest games was made by the author for Moscow Agency for Area Development through Culture in order to construct new tourist sights outside city centre. This project is discussed as a case of constructing new geographical contexts (palimpsest’ layers) and the lived experience rediscovering the distant residential areas, traditionally regarded as standardized “non-places’, as becoming rich in symbolic capital.

La métaphore du palimpseste est utilisée pour décrire les paysages culturels polysémiques depuis les années 1970. Les emprunts à la nouvelle géographie culturelle/humaniste, à la sémiotique et à la théorie de la géographie régionale aident à percevoir chaque couche du palimpseste comme un construit contextualisé, centré sur une représentation dominante d’un lieu. Les paysages à la fois réels et imaginés sont envisagés comme des palimpsestes vécus à travers des pratiques quotidiennes, elles-mêmes vues comme des processus de (re)construction de nouvelles couches. Tenter d’unifier ces perspectives en construction et vécues est un enjeu à l’agenda de la culture urbaine. Une série de jeux de questions sur le terrain ont été construits par l’auteur pour l’Agence moscovite du développement par la culture, afin de construire de nouvelles perspectives touristiques en dehors du centre de Moscou. Ce projet est discuté comme étude de cas d’une volonté de construction de nouveaux contextes géographiques (couches du palimpseste) et d’une expérience vécue de redécouverte de zones résidentielles périphériques, traditionnellement perçues comme des « non-lieux » standardisés, mais qui pourraient acquérir un riche capital symbolique.

Entrées d’index

Mots-clés : , keywords: , texte intégral.

I’m thankful to Uliana Seresova , Assistant Professor of Academy of Public Administration of Moscow region (Russia) for her assistance in the empirical study mentioned in the article.

1 Every city is a place, a place we live in or a place we love, a place we are willing to leave or a place we hate. That means, that any place has multiple functions, visions, representations, emotional ties with people. A model of palimpsest is a one I use hereby to consider that inevitable multiplicity.

2 The structure of this article is as follows. At first I study the history of the “place as palimpsest” concept, trying to single out what it could mean to geographers and social scientists. The contradiction of the idea of symbolic construction of cultural landscapes originating from the new cultural / humanistic geography and the turn to everyday life practices of people shaping the landscape (typical for critical geographies) is in the focus of the 2 nd part of this paper. Finally I use an example of a cultural project I’ve designed in Moscow (Russia) in order to describe how this original place model and these contradictory concepts are shaped and contested in a Post-Socialist city.

Place as palimpsest

3 The term “palimpsest” originally described a medieval manuscript in which new text was written over previous text that had been erased. The word originates from the Greek “palin”+ “psaio” (“again I scrape”). What was peculiar about palimpsests was the fact that any layer didn’t fully erase their predecessors, so one could always recognize the previous layers of the text written earlier (Mitin, 2010). These specific features have made a palimpsest an important metaphor used in social sciences and the humanities to stress multiplicity of a text or phenomenon, to witness its layering and to single out some – by chance partly hidden – layers of reality.

4 The idea of palimpsest was borrowed by geographers from the theories of architecture and urban history. The original metaphor was used to describe the coexistence of material elements that originated in different historical periods in a building or an urban site. This is how A. Baglajewski describes Gdansk city in Poland:

“Textual Gdansk – to say it from the very beginning – is a place-palimpsest of mixed & hidden civilization and material cultural layers, a specific melting pot of traces, fragments, elements that may be pulled out of the recent new layers and read in different languages […]. Gdansk is made of those layers taken together, but not any of them alone” (Baglajewski, 1998, pp. 9-11).

5 This seems close to the classic interpretations of temporal changes in the cultural landscapes (Sauer, 1963) and sequent occupance (Whittlesey, 1929). However it was transformed into a certain model within historical geography by J. Vervloet in the 1980s only (Vervloet, 1984).

Figure 1. Historical-geographical model of landscape as palimpsest.

Vervloet, 1984, p. 2; translation: Urbanc et al., 2004, p. 119

6 The first geographer to call a landscape a palimpsest was obviously Donald Meinig (Meinig, 1979) who wrote in the preface to a famous volume “The Interpretation of Ordinary Landscapes” that “it is at once a panorama, a composition, a palimpsest, a microcosm; […] in every prospect there can be more and more that meets the eye” (Meinig, 1979, p. 6).

7 The meaning of a landscape as palimpsest was thus changed due to the cultural turn . The palimpsest “provides the possibility for erasure and overwriting and the co-existence of several different scripts, implying not just different historical eras, but several historical and contemporary actors as well” (Schein, 1997, p. 662). What Richard Schein meant here was the very multiplicity of human interpretations and representations of a place. The palimpsest model turns out to be not about the temporal changes alone, but also about the differences in the landscape as it is “read” by social groups and individuals, differentiated by identity, occupation, lifestyles, experience, imaginative power, and emotional factors (Mitin, 2010).

8 This turns any cultural landscape – no matter at what time period it originated – into “a sum of erasures, accretions, anomalies and redundancies over time” (Crang, 1998, p. 22). In terms of the “linguistic turn” (Lees, 2002) we are likely to call a landscape a text that can be read (Cosgrove, Jackson, 1987; Duncan, 1990; Lavrenova, 2010; Rowntree, 1986). As Lewis puts it, “reading landscapes is not as easy as reading books” as “ordinary landscape seems messy and disorganized, like a book with pages missing, torn and smudged; a book whose copy has been edited and re-edited by people with illegible handwriting” (Lewis, 1979, p. 12). The landscape is seen as a specific kind of text, in which “different layers or fragments of texts can get into conflict, questioning and contesting each other. Unavoidably inviting controversial interpretation, the reading of such a palimpsest is more like a process of multivocal, and often ambiguous, communication than an act of linear understanding. In modern and postmodern theory of text and communication, this process has been called ‘intertextuality’” (Brockmeier, 2001, p. 222).

9 The model of palimpsest turns the “landscape as text” into an intertext , that is a structure of mutual references of multiple meanings (Kristeva, 1969; Barthes, 1973). Thus I define palimpsest as “a conceptual model of a place as a multilayered structure that emphasizes the coexistence of multiple visions and impacts of different cultures on the landscape” (Mitin, 2010, p. 2111).

Urban cultural landscape: symbolic construction vs. lived practices

10 The model of a multivocal place as a palimpsest has become a result of cultural turn in geography, as I have mentioned above. The development of cultural geography from the classical theories of the beginning of the XX th century (Sauer, 1925) to the second half of the XX th century was contradictory, yet important. The cultural turn has become a main trend of that change (Gritzner, 1966; Norton, 1981; 1984; Mikesell, 1978; Zelinsky, 1973).

11 The representatives of the new cultural geography criticized the Sauerian Berkeley school for focusing “their studies on the material artifacts, exhibiting a curious and thoroughly antiquarian ‘object fetishism’ over such items as houses, barns, fences and gasoline stations” (Price, Lewis, 1993, p. 3). Instead, they regard the cultural landscape through its human interpretation, symbolization & signification (Brace, 2003; Robertson, Richards, 2003; Rowntree, Conkey, 1980). They stated that “the total cultural landscape is information stored in symbolic form” that “in part functions as a narrative” (Rowntree, Conkey, 1980, p. 461), and “the symbolic qualities of landscape, those which produce and sustain social meaning, have become a focus of research” as this “allows us to disclose the meanings that human groups attach to areas and places and to relate those meanings to other aspects and conditions of human existence” (Cosgrove, Jackson, 1987, p. 96).

12 This idea of place as being constructed has been developed in various directions inside humanistic geography (Tuan, 1974, 1976; Hall, 1978; Entrikin, 1985; Hasson, 1984). “Space is transformed into place as it acquires definition and meaning”, Yi-Fu Tuan (1977 [2002], p. 136) states. “The central concept is ‘meaning’, and indeed ‘place’ may be redefined as coming into existence through men according meaning to locations” (Jeans, 1979, pp. 207-208). Dennis Jeans found the exact words for that constructing perspective: “To make a place is to surround a locality with human meanings” (Jeans, 1979, p. 209).

13 My model of a palimpsest originates from the vision of a place as a “fuzzy set” of diverse interpretations, not only historically different elements, as legitimized by new cultural / humanistic geography. To touch upon the relations between various layers of one and the same place, the semiotic model of mythogeography is used (Mitin, 2007).

14 “Mythogeography’s main peculiarity is in the special vision of the ‘ filling ’ of every place with constructed realities , created with the help of mythological models of communication and the theory of the semiosis of modern myths” (Mitin, 2007, p. 215). The model combines several theoretical frameworks described below.

15 First, we need to look on each layer of that “place as palimpsest” alone. Yi-Fu Tuan regarded those layers as place narratives (Tuan, 1991), however I argue they are rather contexts , as each layer of the palimpsest is centered by a few unique dominant peculiarities of a place (Mitin, 2004). This idea is borrowed from the theory of regional geography .

16 Geographers have been traditionally saying about the process of construction of the texts describing this or that place through the theory of regional geography . Those layers are in fact special kinds of those texts. Different modes of geographical descriptions have been described throughout the XX th century (Darby, 1962; Davis, 1915; Finch, 1934; Hart, 1982; Lewis, 1985; Paterson, 1974). Being opposed by the positivist view of storing the entire data on any place in a form of encyclopedic classification, the idea of a good description as a geographer’s art of constructing a place is as follows.

“Good regional geography should begin with, and probably should be organized around, the dominant theme of each region, which of course will vary from region to region. No standard list of criteria or checklist of features-to-be observed can be universally applicable to the study of all regions […]. Features that are overwhelmingly important in one region may be completely missing in another, and the regional geographer should give pride of place in each region to its most important or significant features” (Hart, 1982, p. 23).

17 The history of Soviet human geography has been to a larger extent focused on the regions (though primarily economic ones) and regionalization. As a result, the theory of regional geography (“stranovedeniye”) has been productively discussed and developed (Baransky, 1950, 1980; Yefremov, 1981; Mashbits, 1998; Mironenko, 1992; Mitin, 2004). Combining the Anglo-American debates on the “highest form of geographer’s art” with those Russian concepts, I argue that “genuine complex geographical descriptions should be based on picking the dominant features of place and adopting the secondary features to the dominant with the usage of internal and external textual interconnections” (Mitin, 2007, p. 219).

18 For example, there is no use in making a full long description of St. Petersburg in Russia if our message is to stress its dominant feature in the sphere of tourism as a “cultural capital of Russia”. World famous State Hermitage, Peterhof and other museums, the historical intent of Peter the Great as the city founder to build a new capital “sticking” Russia to Europe, and the largely discussed special intellectual and authentic local identity would be those secondary features revealing and explaining the dominant one.

19 While that legitimizes certain rules of constructing each layer of place as palimpsest as a context, I need other theoretical frameworks to describe how the combination of various layers is created. The layers seem autonomous, and their hierarchy is easily changeable under the internal and external circumstances. However, the psychological essence of perception & imagination processes makes us always consider one of those layers the main – the dominant – one, though we may change our mind immediately. The palimpsest is a unite totality of those autonomous layers, that regards a place as multidimensional.

20 To understand how that totality is created through representations the semiotic model of semiosis is used to describe the interconnections between the autonomous layers of the palimpsest. A theory of modern mythologies as developed by Roland Barthes (1972 [1991]) turned out to be the best framework with each layer regarded as a certain spatial myth. Similarly to the place within humanistic geography, “mythical speech is made of a material which has already been worked on so as to make it suitable for communication” (Barthes, 1972 [1991], p. 108).

“In myth, we find again the tri-dimensional pattern […]: the signifier, the signified and the sign. But myth is a peculiar system, in that it is constructed from a semiological chain which existed before it: it is a second-order semiological system. That which is a sign (namely the associative total of a concept and an image) in the first system, becomes a mere signifier in the second. We must here recall that the materials of mythical speech (the language itself, photography, painting, posters, rituals, objects, etc.), however different at the start, are reduced to a pure signifying function as soon as they are caught by myth. Myth sees in them only the same raw material; their unity is that they all come down to the status of a mere language” (Barthes, 1972 [1991], p. 113).

Figure 2. Myth as a semiological system.

Barthes, 1972 [1991], p. 113

21 The vision of urban imageries through myths’ semiosis explains how multiple representations are constructed through history, and the new ones replace the previous ones. For example the myth of St. Petersburg as the “ bandits’ capital of Russia ” emerging in the 1990s was to a much extent based on its strong opposition to the previously stated idea of country’s cultural capital.

22 The process of semiosis (Figure 2) is usable for the endless number of re-interpretations of spatial meanings , as the essence of any certain place (or any previously constructed place image) is reduced to a form of a myth that constructs a new meaning out of one and the same place (Mitin, 2004).

23 Combining (a) the idea of the cultural landscape as being constructed through symbolic values, (b) the theory of regional geographical descriptions, and (c) the semiotic model of modern mythologies altogether form a model of place as palimpsest as being created and re-created. However, it is to a much extent settled within a representational paradigm of geography.

24 Meanwhile cultural geographers’ focus on the representations has been changed to a concern about certain rematerializing of the discipline, or a call towards combining material and immaterial realms as typical for contemporary urban geography (Lees, 2002).

25 The cultural turn within non-representational geography is seen through the lens of what Henry Lefebvre names a double illusion (Lefebvre, 1991, p. 27). In Lefebvrian terms, cultural geography in the XX th century has executed a shift from the material / perceived space towards the conceptual space of representations, but the forthcoming critical paradigm is concerned about the third realm, that is the “representational spaces: the space directly lived through its associate images and symbols, and hence the space of ‘inhabitants’ and ‘users’” (Lefebvre, 1991, p. 39).

26 Critical geography uses that Lefebvrian triad to focus on the thirdspace (as Edward Soja names it), as “spaces of representation are seen by Lefebvre both as distinct from the other two spaces and as encompassing them, following his strategic use of social space in his preliminary thirding” (Soja, 1996, p. 67). Moving beyond that double illusion of real (Firstspace) and imagined (Secondspace), Soja stresses, that his thirdspace “contain all other real and imagined spaces simultaneously” (Soja, 1996, p. 69), it is a real-and-imagined space we live in .

27 While geographers call for rematerializing the discipline and the focus on what is “real” in that thirdspace, Lefebvre moves forward describing what kind of space it is. “Every society […] produces a space, its own space” (Lefebvre, 1991, p. 31), and the society we live in is named as completely urbanized, or simply “the urban society” (Lefebvre, 2003). While the previous mode of a city linked to the industrial society is seen as rationally planned and characterized by imposed homogeneity, the urban society and its space make a certain opposition to it.

“During this new period differences are known and recognized, mastered, conceived and signified. […] It is constituted by a renewed space-time, a topology that is distinct from agrarian (cyclic and juxtaposing local particularities) and industrial (tending towards homogeneity, toward a rational and planned unity of constraints) space-time. Urban space-time, as soon as we stop defining it in terms of industrial rationality – its project of homogenization – appears as a differential, each place and each moment existing only within a whole, through the contrasts and oppositions that connect it to, and distinguish it from, other places and moments […]. The urban space is complete contradiction” (Lefebvre, 1991, pp. 37-39).

28 The urban space is stressed to be complex, heterogeneous, multifaceted, interrelated. This vision of the new space constitution revives the idea of a palimpsest , as the latest embraces that very endless multiplicity co-existing in one and the same place. What is needed, is to shift the focus from those layers being constructed to the places being lived and experienced.

Mobile quest games in Moscow distant residential areas

29 In order to implement the model of “place as palimpsest” in practice in the sphere of urban cultural policy and to create that mix of representational and lived modes of a cultural landscape I elaborated a project of mobile quest games. It is aimed at the cultural development of distant residential areas of Moscow (Russia) city which lack both unique local imageries and place-specific practices. The process of creation of the images which stick to those placeless distant areas (as a part of project management) is regarded through the lens of symbolic construction of urban cultural landscapes. The process of local dwellers using the quest games and getting acquainted with the suggested unique features of their own home areas is regarded as lived consumption of places and changing the lived practices.

30 The project including the launch of 22 mobile quest games during 2015-2017 was implemented by “Moscow Agency for Area Development through Culture” (“MosART”) as the operator. The Agency was founded by the Department of Culture of the Moscow city Government as a cultural events’ management and methods’ development centre for promoting socio-cultural activity outside the centre of the city, in particular, outside the Third Ring Road. “MosART” has been an official name of the Agency till 2016, when it was renamed into “Cultural Centre ‘Ivanovsky’” without changes in its main functions.

31 Mobile quest games were suggested as an alternative to traditional excursions , as the areas outside of the city centre have been traditionally out of tourist interest and were not regarded as important leisure sights by local residents. There are a few sights outside the Third Ring Road, which are considered to be tourist objects, like Tsaritsyno or Kolomenskoye museums and parks. Those popular places were intentionally excluded from the project.

32 Traditional excursions are hardly possible in the areas with poor tourist infrastructure, the attractions in physically poor condition, located far one from another, and/or representing industrial / engineering heritage, or traditional residential blocks from the XX th century, that are rarely considered valuable as tourist destinations in contemporary Russia. Those objects and areas were intentionally chosen for the project.

33 Muscovites are considered the main target audience of the project according to the Department of Culture’s policy agenda.

34 New cultural / humanistic geography, the ideas of symbolic construction of tourist sights and the model of “place as palimpsest” were considered to be the theoretical background of the project. It was thought to be a means of creating new attractive sights in distant residential areas and constructing the new local images which could become important parts of local imageries, areas’ branding and promoting local identities.

35 All mobile quest games are promoted at the Agency’s website ( https://ivcenter.ru/​project/​vse-kvesti/​ ) and through Moscow city official cultural and tourist websites and social media. As soon as a user chooses one of the quest games from the website, s/he is forwarded to a web page of “Street Adventure” company, a project partner responsible for technical support. In a few minutes after being registered at that web page the user receives the individual link to start the quest game online. Users follow the directions from that link, receive the questions and insert their answers online using their tablets or smartphones, and thus follow the route of the quest game. Apart from providing questions and checking the answers, the online interface provides the attractive information about the places visited, that might be useful to answer the questions, but is more likely to serve to create the certain images of the places and the area as a whole.

36 An example of that kind of a small text about “Fabrika 1 Maya” settlement, located in the Novomoskovsky district of Moscow in some 30 km from the Kremlin, that became a part of the city in 2012 only, is below.

A cloth factory opposite has an interesting history. It was first mentioned in 1853 as a possession of D.A. Okulova. She married Nikolay Pavlovich Shipov, a colonel and a real state councilor famous for the agricultural innovations he implemented in his Ostashevo estate near Mozhaysk, Moscow region. Okulova was also acquainted to Pyotr Vyazemsky, a poet and an owner of the neighboring Ostafyevo estate that we have just visited. The factory was sold to engineer Ivan Ivanovich Baskakov in 1879, however there is an evidence that Baskakov reconstructed the estate and built a new factory. He also built a dam across the Desna river, though the one you’ll see as you walk a hundred meters upstream has been seriously rebuilt later on. Baskakov also constructed the manufacturer’s estate and the red-brick barracks for the workers. Some of them are still used as residential houses. Those were probably built before 1912, though we can’t know that for sure. However, there is a building further on with a construction year you can know for sure. Find it and insert that year as an answer! Tip 1: Walk between the houses on the Desna river bank. Tip 2: Find a house No. 3. Answer: 1927.

37 The tips from the example are used if the user fails to find the right answer or loses the way.

38 Some 22 mobile quest games were launched for three years, and 34 000+ people played at least one of them. The exact user statistical data is below (Table 1).

Table 1. User statistics for mobile quest games by “MosART”, by December 31, 2017.

39 The analysis shows, that in spite of the effort to promote the most distant and unknown areas of the city, the most closely connected to the Third Ring Road and the most well-known areas were the most popular. Vorobyovy hills seem the best evidence here: though the route passes through the historic picturesque park, the viewpoint on top of Vorobyovy hills is a known tourist sight, and its name attracts the users to this mobile quest game (No. 8 in Table 1). However, I argue that by means of the project even the least attended areas could be transformed from real “ non-places ” into certain meaningful places , though not widely known and recognized.

Lived practices of the quest game users

40 The idea of the project of mobile quest games was in fact to create a new layer of place as palimpsest. The possible influence of those new representations towards lived practices of people is critically important in the light of critical non-representational urban geography. An experiment was held in order to study those effects of mobile quest games towards everyday lived practices of its users. I needed to check if there was any influence of playing the quest game on (a) the imagery of the area, and (b) the estimations of its comfort for everyday living. 60 students of the Academy of Public Administration of Moscow region were asked to pass 2 quest games in the Northeastern district of Moscow, not far from their campus and dormitories, and share their statements and images of Sviblovo area before and after the experiment. Sentence completion and drawing tests were used as an initial point of the research to learn about the current imageries of Sviblovo area. The survey was held for the participants of one of 2 routes (N=32) to check if the imagery was changed. Observation and in-depth interviews (N=12) were used to witness the essence of the new local images and the new lived practices possibly emerging after the completion of the game.

41 The initial image of the area (Figure 3) included the underground (metro) station and the Academy campus for the majority of informants. Those living in the dormitories also mentioned the shopping malls and the restaurants in the vicinity (an example is in the left part of the Figure 3). A small “Zodiac park” established in 2007 was mentioned a few times, as well as the Kapustinsky pond. Nothing more than some points of the students’ everyday routine was pictured.

Figure 3. A typical drawing of Sviblovo area.

Female, from Moscow region, living in the dormitory

42 Some of the students used Wikipedia data in the sentence completion test to mention the exact amount of inhabitants of the area, the Yauza river and the fact that the famous Soviet comedy “Operation Y and Shurik’s Other Adventures” was filmed there. Sviblovo was generally characterized in the sentence completion tests as a distant dull area of residential blocks with no specific sights to visit .

43 The final image was influenced by the mobile quest game. 66% of quest users agreed that their image of the area was changed after the game according to the survey conducted, and 75% of the latter said it has become more positive .

44 The interviews could help me to understand the substantial changes. The users mentioned the old estate, the houses filmed in the Soviet comedy movie, some street-art objects, which were a surprise for them in their neighborhood:

“We didn’t feel anything special at first. It was all ours, so familiar. But it was astonishing to see that street-art object, as I’ve never noticed it before” (Female, from Central Asia, living in the dormitory).

“I would say, I have opened Sviblovo from so different sides after all, though a heavy rain started. It was [previously] just a place where I study, and that’s all of it” (Female, from Moscow, living in another district of Moscow).

45 However, the idea of Sviblovo as a historic neighborhood that could be “read” through literary sources and famous movies was not transferred to the quest users.

46 The picturesque Yauza river bank was one of the most discussed places together with a neighboring old estate. There was even an idea for new everyday practices mentioned in one of the interviews:

“It would be not bad to go for a walk on those grounds near the [Yauza] river, may be in summertime with my boyfriend. It creates a special atmosphere, [it is] helpful to forget about the routine” (Female, from another region, living in the dormitory).

47 However this was the only mention of any possible changes in the lived uses of a place. The transformation of the local imagery, which I would regard as the influence of a new representation constructed, was hardly influential enough to give birth to the new practices which remained unchanged.

48 I have discussed a model of place as palimpsest as a possible framework to study and to transform urban cultural landscapes in the Post-Socialist cities with Moscow distant residential areas as an example.

49 New cultural / humanistic geography, semiotics and theory of regional geography taken together make a unique framework for the original “ palimpsestic” vision of any place and the tool of constructing new layers of that palimpsest.

50 Place as palimpsest is a useful tool in the sphere of cultural management to legitimate the “space production” and the construction of attractive tourist sights. Deep insights into Moscow city distant residential areas’ imageries make the experience of the mobile quest games valuable for the locals, rediscovering their neighborhoods, traditionally regarded as standardized “non-places”, as becoming rich in symbolic capital.

51 The palimpsestic idea of multiplicity of layers is especially useful in the Post-Socialist cities , as they are produced and reproduced through opposing, exaggerated, outdated or imposed imageries, and the meaning of Post-Socialism itself is multi-layered (Gentile, 2018). Mimi Urbanc and her colleagues studying the Post-Socialist landscape transformation focus on a certain value change creating that multiplicity:

“Some landscape elements have remained the same through all the changing socio-economic formations. Some others have been forgotten or destroyed by the emerging formations. Some have been replaced by other objects. Yet others have retained their physical structure but the meanings have changed. […] What is valuable will be retained, what is not valuable will disappear. But value systems keep changing, too. Some elements were considered valuable during the national states period then ignored during the Soviet era and became valuable again after independence” (Urbanc et al., 2004, p. 119).

52 However, my conclusion is rather contradictory due to the results of the empirical research. Trying to unite the majorly “ constructing” perspective of new cultural geography and “ living” perspective of critical geography is still a challenging task for urban cultural agenda. The connections of place images and local practices are not that close , as one could expect.

53 Nevertheless, I argue, that the palimpsest metaphor originated from the new cultural geography may be revived through the critical approach as a model embracing the multivocal multiplicity of agents, everyday strategies, lived practices and (re)constructed images of Post-Socialist cities, characterized by representational & non-representational effects intertwined.

54 I would definitely continue studying that effects in Moscow distant residential areas using a model of palimpsest, however, a more complex approach combining cultural geographical research and cultural management with broader horizons of place management seem necessary and prospective.

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Pour citer cet article, référence électronique.

Ivan Mitin , «  Constructing urban cultural landscapes & living in the palimpsests: a case of Moscow city (Russia) distant residential areas  » ,  Belgeo [En ligne], 4 | 2018, mis en ligne le 05 novembre 2018 , consulté le 10 novembre 2023 . URL  : http://journals.openedition.org/belgeo/28126 ; DOI  : https://doi.org/10.4000/belgeo.28126

National Research University Higher School of Economics (Moscow), [email protected]

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